A note on the transformation from companion to jordan canonical form for multivariable systems

Summary An algorithm for the transformation of generalized Companion forms for multivariable linear systems to Jordan form is considered.The procedure is based on a preliminary transformation to the corresponding maximum length chains canonical form (MLCGCF) and on knowledge of the eigenvalues and their multiplicity.

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Sommario Viene presentato un algoritmo per la trasformazione della matrice dinamica di sistemi lineari a più variabili di ingresso-uscita da forma companion generalizzata in forma di Jordan.Il procedimento è basato su una trasformazione preliminare in forma canonica a catene di massima lunghezza (MLCGCF) e sulla conoscenza degli autovalori e della loro multeplicità.

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This work was supported by CNR (Italian Council of Researches).     

New results on the semidiscrete Boltzmann equation for a binary gas mixture

Summary A plane semidiscrete model of the Boltzmann equation for a binary gas mixture with molecular collisions ruled by the hard-spheres interaction potential is described. After establishing a model, a theorem demostrating the global existence of mild solutions of the initial-value problem is given and the propagation of unidimensional shock waves examined.

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Sommario Si propone un modello semidiscreto piano dell'equazione di Boltzmann per una miscela binaria con collisioni molecolari soggette al potenziale di interazione delle sfere rigide. Costruito il modello, si dà un teorema di esistenza globale di soluzioni generalizzate per il problema di Cauchy, e si analizza la propagazione di onde d'urto unidimensionali.

     

The thermohydrodynamic flow equations for hydrostatic thrust bearings

Summary This paper studies the flow in rotating hydrostatic thrust bearings lubricated with incompressible fluids under pressure. It considers, besides the effects of inertia on the lubricant, its increase in temperature in the film due to fluid friction (thermohydrodynamic flow).From the system of differential equations of Navier-Stokes, continuity and energy, we obtain differential or integro-differential equations that can furnish the values of the temperature and of the components of velocity and pressure of the fluid in the bearing. From these we obtain the values of the load-carrying capacity, of the volume flow rate of the fluid and those of the friction torque.

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Sommario Si studia il regime fluido nei cuscinetti idrostatici di spinta rotanti lubrificati con fluidi incompressibili in pressione, tenendo conto, oltre che degli effetti di inerzia sul lubrificante, anche del suo aumento di temperatura nel meato dovuto alle azioni di attrito fluido (regime termofluidodinamico).Si ricavano dal sistema di equazioni differenziali di Navier-Stokes, di continuità e dell'energia, le equazioni differenziali od integro-differenziali atte a fornire i valori della temperatura, delle componenti della velocità e della pressione del fluido nel cuscinetto e, mediante essi, i valori della capacità di carico, della portata volumetrica di fluido e del momento d'attrito.

     

Differential characters and cohomology of the moduli of flat connections

Let \(\pi {:}\, P\rightarrow M\) be a principal bundle and p an invariant polynomial of degree r on the Lie algebra of the structure group. The theory of Chern–Simons differential characters is exploited to define a homology map \(\chi ^{k} {:}\, H_{2r-k-1}(M)\times H_{k}({\mathcal {F}}/{\mathcal {G}})\rightarrow {\mathbb {R}}/{\mathbb {Z}}\), for \(k<r-1\), where \({\mathcal {F}} /{\mathcal {G}}\) is the moduli space of flat connections of \(\pi \) under the action of a subgroup \({\mathcal {G}}\) of the gauge group. The differential characters of first order are related to the Dijkgraaf–Witten action for Chern–Simons theory. The second-order characters are interpreted geometrically as the holonomy of a connection in a line bundle over \({\mathcal {F}}/{\mathcal {G}}\). The relationship with other constructions in the literature is also analyzed.

     

An enriched damage-frictional cohesive-zone model incorporating stress multi-axiality

The paper presents an interphase cohesive zone model (CZM) incorporating stress multi-axiality devised to capture, by simplified micro-modeling, the influence of the in-plane strain and stress state in the mechanical response of the CZM. Moreover, the model is able to account for the Poisson-related effect in the interphase, which can play an important role in the modeling of heterogeneous masonry elements. From the constitutive point of view, the proposed formulation couples damage and friction by addressing a smooth transition from a quasi-brittle response to a residual frictional behavior described by a Coulomb law with unilateral contact. As in-plane stresses are accounted for, damage activation and evolution are governed by a Drucker–Prager law with linear softening. A predictor-corrector procedure based on a backward Euler scheme is detailed for integrating the nonlinear evolutive problem together with the related tangent operator which consistently linearizes the algorithmic strategy. This framework is embedded into a kinematically-enriched finite element interphase formulation incorporating stress multi-axiality. The modeling features of the resulting numerical tool are tested both at the local level, for the typical interphase point, and in meso-structural tests consisting of brick-mortar triplets, investigating the capability of the proposed model and numerical procedure to simulate the brick-mortar decohesion mechanism during confined slip tests.